Hướng dẫn Deploy Node.js lên Kubernetes

Kubernetes là tiêu chuẩn ngành cho container orchestration. Hướng dẫn này covers deploy Node.js với cấu hình production-grade.

1. Deployment Manifest

apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: api-server
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: api-server
  strategy:
    type: RollingUpdate
    rollingUpdate:
      maxSurge: 1
      maxUnavailable: 0
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: api-server
    spec:
      containers:
        - name: api-server
          image: ghcr.io/ventrarocket/api-server:1.0.0
          ports:
            - containerPort: 3000
          resources:
            requests:
              cpu: "100m"
              memory: "128Mi"
            limits:
              cpu: "500m"
              memory: "512Mi"
          livenessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /health
              port: 3000
            initialDelaySeconds: 15
          readinessProbe:
            httpGet:
              path: /ready
              port: 3000
            initialDelaySeconds: 5

2. Service và ConfigMap

apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
  name: api-config
data:
  NODE_ENV: "production"
  PORT: "3000"
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: api-svc
spec:
  selector:
    app: api-server
  ports:
    - port: 80
      targetPort: 3000
  type: ClusterIP

3. Horizontal Pod Autoscaler

apiVersion: autoscaling/v2
kind: HorizontalPodAutoscaler
metadata:
  name: api-hpa
spec:
  scaleTargetRef:
    apiVersion: apps/v1
    kind: Deployment
    name: api-server
  minReplicas: 2
  maxReplicas: 10
  metrics:
    - type: Resource
      resource:
        name: cpu
        target:
          type: Utilization
          averageUtilization: 60

4. Health Endpoints

app.get("/health", (req, res) => {
  res.json({ status: "ok", uptime: process.uptime() });
});

app.get("/ready", async (req, res) => {
  try {
    await db.query("SELECT 1");
    res.json({ status: "ready" });
  } catch {
    res.status(503).json({ status: "not ready" });
  }
});

5. Zero-Downtime Rollout

kubectl set image deployment/api-server api-server=ghcr.io/ventrarocket/api-server:1.1.0
kubectl rollout status deployment/api-server
kubectl rollout undo deployment/api-server  # nếu có lỗi

Kết luận

Kubernetes cung cấp rolling updates, autoscaling, self-healing. Ventra Rocket dùng Kubernetes cho tất cả microservices production.